【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforCleaning,Descaling,andPassivationofStainlessSteelParts,Equipment,andSystems
【原文标准名称】:不锈钢零件、设备及系统的清洗和除垢的标准操作规程
【标准号】:ASTMA380-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:A01.14
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:清洁处理;除垢;薄板材;钢产品;钢;带钢;金属线
【英文主题词】:austeniticstainlesssteels;cleaning;corrosion;corrosiveserviceapplications;descaling;ferriticstainlesssteels;martensiticstainlesssteels;pickling;stainlesssteels
【摘要】:1.1Thispracticecoversrecommendationsandprecautionsforcleaning,descaling,andpassivatingofnewstainlesssteelparts,assemblies,equipment,andinstalledsystems.Theserecommendationsarepresentedasproceduresforguidancewhenitisrecognizedthatforaparticularserviceitisdesiredtoremovesurfacecontaminantsthatmayimpairthenormalcorrosionresistance,orresultinthelatercontaminationoftheparticularstainlesssteelgrade,orcauseproductcontamination.Forcertainexceptionalapplications,additionalrequirementswhicharenotcoveredbythispracticemaybespecifieduponagreementbetweenthemanufacturerandthepurchaser.Althoughtheyapplyprimarilytomaterialsinthecompositionrangesoftheaustenitic,ferritic,andmartensiticstainlesssteels,thepracticesdescribedmayalsobeusefulforcleaningothermetalsifdueconsiderationisgiventocorrosionandpossiblemetallurgicaleffects.1.1.1Thetermpassivationiscommonlyappliedtoseveraldistinctlydifferentoperationsorprocessesrelatingtostainlesssteels.Inordertoavoidambiguityinthesettingofrequirements,itmaybenecessaryforthepurchasertodefinepreciselytheintendedmeaningofpassivation.Someofthevariousmeaningsassociatedwiththetermpassivationthatareincommonusageincludethefollowing:Passivationistheprocessbywhichastainlesssteelwillspontaneouslyformachemicallyinactivesurfacewhenexposedtoairorotheroxygen-containingenvironments.Itwasatonetimeconsideredthatanoxidizingtreatmentwasnecessarytoestablishthispassivefilm,butitisnowacceptedthatthisfilmwillformspontaneouslyinanoxygen-containingenvironmentprovidingthatthesurfacehasbeenthoroughlycleanedordescaled.Passivationisremovalofexogenousironorironcompoundsfromthesurfaceofastainlesssteelbymeansofachemicaldissolution,mosttypicallybyatreatmentwithanacidsolutionthatwillremovethesurfacecontaminationbutwillnotsignificantlyaffectthestainleessteelitself.ThisprocessisdescribedinageneralwayinanddefinedpreciselyinwithfurtherreferencetotherequirementsofandPartIIofthetableonacidcleaningofsteel.Unlessotherwisespecified,itisthisdefinitionofpassivationthatistakenasthemeaningofaspecifiedrequirementforpassivation.Passivationisthechemicaltreatmentofastainlesssteelwithamildoxidant,suchasanitricacidsolution,forthepurposeofenhancingthespontaneousformationoftheprotectivepassivefilm.Suchchemicaltreatmentisgenerallynotnecessaryfortheformationofthepassivefilm.PassivationdoesnotindicatetheseparateprocessofdescalingasdescribedinSection,althoughdescalingmaybenecessarybeforepassivationcanbeeffective.1.2Thispracticedoesnotcoverdecontaminationorcleaningofequipmentorsystemsthathavebeeninservice,nordoesitcoverdescalingandcleaningofmaterialsatthemill.Ontheotherhand,someofthepracticesmaybeapplicableforthesepurposes.Whilethepracticeprovidesrecommendationsandinformationconcerningtheuseofacidsandothercleaninganddescalingagents,itcannotencompassdetailedcleaningproceduresforspecifictypesofequipmentorinstallations.Itthereforeinnowayprecludesthenecessityforcarefulplanningandjudgmentintheselectionandimplementationofsuchprocedures.1.3Thesepracticesmaybeappliedwhenfreeiron,oxidescale,rust,grease,oil,carbonaceousorotherresidualchemicalfilms,soil,particles,metalchips,dirt,orothernonvolatiledepositsmightadverselyaffectthemetallurgicalorsanitaryconditionorstabilityofasurface,themechanicaloperationofapart,component,orsystem,orcontaminateaprocessfluid.Thedegreeofcleannessrequiredonasurfacedependsontheapplication.Insomecases,nomoretha......
【中国标准分类号】:H40
【国际标准分类号】:77_140_20
【页数】:13P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Informationtechnology-Opensystemsinterconnection-Connection-orientedsessionprotocol-Protocolspecification
【原文标准名称】:信息技术.开放式系统互连.定向连接通话协议.协议规范
【标准号】:BSISO/IEC8327-1-1996
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1997-02-15
【实施或试行日期】:1997-02-15
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:数据传送;接口(数据加工);句法;数据布置;开放系统互连;编码(数据转换);数据传输;计算机间通信;对话层;信息交流;数据处理;数据;数据传输控制规程;合格;计算机网络
【英文主题词】:Communication;Communicationsystems;Computernetworks;Computer-computercommunications;Control;Controlfunctions;Dataprocessing;Datatransfer;Datatransmissionmethods;Definition;Definitions;EDP;Informationexchange;Informationinterchange;Informationprocessing;Networkinterconnection;Opensystems;OSI;Programming;Properties;Sessionlayer;Specification;Specification(approval);Systemstudies;Systemology
【摘要】:ThisRecommendation|InternationalStandardspecifies:a)proceduresforasingleprotocolforthetransferofdataandcontrolinformationfromonesessionentitytoapeersessionentity;b)themeansofselectingthefunctionalunitstobeusedbythesessionentities;c)thestructureandencodingofthesessionprotocoldataunitsusedforthetransferofdataandcontrolinformation;Theproceduresaredefinedintermsof:a)theinteractionsbetweenpeersessionentitiesthroughtheexchangeofsessionprotocoldataunits;b)theinteractionsbetweenasessionentityandthesessionserviceuserinthesamesystemthroughtheexchangeofsessionserviceprimitives;c)theinteractionsbetweenasessionentityandthetransportserviceproviderthroughtheexchangeoftransportserviceprimitives.TheseproceduresareapplicabletoinstancesofcommunicationbetweensystemswhichsupportthesessionlayeroftheOSIReferenceModelandwhichwishtointerconnectinanopensystemsenvironment.ThisRecommendation|InternationalStandardalsospecifiesconformancerequirementsforsystemsimplementingtheseprocedures.Itdoesnotcontaintestswhichcanbeusedtodemonstratethisconformance.ThetextpertainingtothesymmetricsynchronizationfunctionalunitisnotapplicabletothesupportofITU-Tapplications.
【中国标准分类号】:L79
【国际标准分类号】:35_100_50
【页数】:182P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语