【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforResearchOctaneNumberofSpark-IgnitionEngineFuel
【原文标准名称】:研究火花点火发动机燃料的辛烷值的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD2699-2011
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2011
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.01
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:导板台;甲烷标准化燃料;抗震性;发动机辛烷值(MON);研究法辛烷值
【英文主题词】:guidetable;toluenestandardizationfuel;Knockcharacteristics;Motoroctanenumber(MON);Researchoctanenumber
【摘要】:ResearchO.N.correlateswithcommercialautomotivespark-ignitionengineantiknockperformanceundermildconditionsofoperation.ResearchO.N.isusedbyenginemanufacturers,petroleumrefinersandmarketers,andincommerceasaprimaryspecificationmeasurementrelatedtothematchingoffuelsandengines.Empiricalcorrelationsthatpermitcalculationofautomotiveantiknockperformancearebasedonthegeneralequation:Valuesofk1,k2,andk3varywithvehiclesandvehiclepopulationsandarebasedonroad-O.N.determinations.ResearchO.N.,inconjunctionwithMotorO.N.,definestheantiknockindexofautomotivespark-ignitionenginefuels,inaccordancewithSpecificationD4814.TheantiknockindexofafuelapproximatestheRoadoctaneratingsformanyvehicles,ispostedonretaildispensingpumpsintheU.S.,andisreferredtoinvehiclemanuals.1.1Thislaboratorytestmethodcoversthequantitativedeterminationoftheknockratingofliquidspark-ignitionenginefuelintermsofResearchO.N.,exceptthatthistestmethodmaynotbeapplicabletofuelandfuelcomponentsthatareprimarilyoxygenates.Thesamplefuelistestedusingastandardizedsinglecylinder,four-strokecycle,variablecompressionratio,carbureted,CFRengineruninaccordancewithadefinedsetofoperatingconditions.TheO.N.scaleisdefinedbythevolumetriccompositionofPRFblends.ThesamplefuelknockintensityiscomparedtothatofoneormorePRFblends.TheO.N.ofthePRFblendthatmatchestheK.I.ofthesamplefuelestablishestheResearchO.N.1.2TheO.N.scalecoverstherangefrom0to120octanenumberbutthistestmethodhasaworkingrangefrom40to120ResearchO.N.Typicalcommercialfuelsproducedforspark-ignitionenginesrateinthe88to101ResearchO.N.range.TestingofgasolineblendstocksorotherprocessstreammaterialscanproduceratingsatvariouslevelsthroughouttheResearchO.N.range.1.3ThevaluesofoperatingconditionsarestatedinSIunitsandareconsideredstandard.Thevaluesinparenthesesarethehistoricalinch-poundunits.ThestandardizedCFRenginemeasurementscontinuetobeininch-poundunitsonlybecauseoftheextensiveandexpensivetoolingthathasbeencreatedforthisequipment.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Forspecifichazardstatements,seeSection8,13.4.1,14.5.1,15.6.1,AnnexA1,A2.2.3.1,A2.2.3.3(6)and(9),A2.3.5,X3.3.7,X4.2.3.1,X4.3.4.1,X4.3.9.3,X4.3.11.4,andX4.5.1.8.
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:75_160_20
【页数】:45P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Textandofficesystems-Keyboards-Germankeyboardlayoutforcalculators;keyarrangementandallocation
【原文标准名称】:文本和办公系统.键盘.计算器用德语键盘布局.键的设置和分布
【标准号】:DIN9755-1995
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1995-12
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:数据处理;信息处理;键盘;名称与符号;尺寸;办公室设备;键盘分配;键盘配置;控制键;数据系统工程;钥匙;计算器;办公机器;位置
【英文主题词】:keys;informationprocessing;dimensions;calculators;keypanelassignment;keyboardlayout;datasystemsengineering;controlkeys;position;keyboards;dataprocessing;officemachines;designations;officeequ
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:L63
【国际标准分类号】:35_160;35_260_10
【页数】:6P;A4
【正文语种】:德语